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What are Logical Operators?

Logical operators allow you to combine multiple conditions into a single expression. They are essential for writing complex conditional statements in Python.

The Three Logical Operators

Two green checkmarks side by side with the word AND between them — both must be true — AND — Both must be True

One green checkmark and one red cross with the word OR between them — at least one must be true — OR — At least one True

A True label with a flip arrow pointing to False representing the NOT operator that inverts a boolean value — NOT — Flips the value

Python Logical Operators

Operator	Description	Example	Result
and	True only if BOTH conditions are true	5 > 3 and 8 > 6	True
or	True if AT LEAST ONE condition is true	5 > 3 or 2 > 8	True
not	Flips the Boolean value	not (5 > 3)	False

Truth Tables

AND Truth Table

A	B	A and B
True	True	True
True	False	False
False	True	False
False	False	False

OR Truth Table

A	B	A or B
True	True	True
True	False	True
False	True	True
False	False	False

Using Logical Operators in Python

age = 20 has_id = True # AND — both must be true if age >= 18 and has_id: print("Access granted.") # OR — at least one must be true if age >= 18 or has_id: print("Partial access.") # NOT — flip the condition if not has_id: print("Please show your ID.")

Three illustrated scenarios — a door with two locks for AND, a door with one lock for OR, and a no-entry sign being reversed for NOT — showing real-world analogies for logical operators

Logical operators are evaluated after comparison operators. Python evaluates not first, then and, then or — just like PEMDAS for arithmetic!