Courses/course Content/python/learn | AI Content & Learning

The Math Module

Python comes with a built-in math module that provides a wide range of mathematical functions. To use it, you first need to import it at the top of your script.

import math

A toolbox labeled math module with mathematical symbols like square root, pi, and factorial spilling out of it

Common Math Functions

Python Math Module Functions

Function	Description	Example	Result
math.sqrt(x)	Square root of x	math.sqrt(25)	5.0
math.pow(x, y)	x raised to the power y	math.pow(2, 3)	8.0
math.floor(x)	Rounds down to nearest integer	math.floor(3.9)	3
math.ceil(x)	Rounds up to nearest integer	math.ceil(3.1)	4
abs(x)	Absolute value of x	abs(-7)	7
math.pi	The value of π	math.pi	3.14159...
math.log(x)	Natural logarithm of x	math.log(1)	0.0
math.factorial(x)	Factorial of x	math.factorial(5)	120

Visualizing Math Functions

A square with side 5 and area 25 labeled to illustrate square root — sqrt(25) = 5 — sqrt() — Square Root

A number line showing 3.7 between 3 and 4 with floor pointing to 3 and ceil pointing to 4 — floor() and ceil()

A circle with radius labeled r and the pi symbol showing the circumference formula — math.pi — π

The calculation 5 factorial = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 120 written out step by step — factorial()

Using Math Functions

import math # Square root print(math.sqrt(144)) # 12.0 # Power print(math.pow(3, 4)) # 81.0 # Rounding print(math.floor(7.8)) # 7 print(math.ceil(7.2)) # 8 # Circle area radius = 5 area = math.pi * math.pow(radius, 2) print(round(area, 2)) # 78.54

Remember to import math before using any math module functions. You can also import specific functions using: from math import sqrt, pi

Mathematical Functions in Python

The Math Module

Common Math Functions

Python Math Module Functions

Visualizing Math Functions

Using Math Functions

Subscribe to our newsletter.